Which of the following methods can trigger data replication in SAP MDG?

The method that triggers data replication in SAP MDG is through workflows or scheduled jobs. This approach allows for a more automated and efficient process in managing and controlling master data updates.

When using workflows, specific business processes can be streamlined to ensure that master data changes are not only approved and confirmed but also replicated efficiently across relevant systems. Scheduled jobs further enhance this capability by allowing for periodic updates and ensuring that the latest master data reaches all necessary systems without manual intervention.

In contrast, while manual processes like single-object processing and data uploads are viable ways to handle data, they typically require direct user input and action, which can lead to delays and potential errors. Web services play a role in integrating with other applications, and though they can facilitate data exchange, they do not inherently trigger the replication process in the same organized manner as workflows or scheduled jobs do. Thus, option C stands out as the most robust and systematic way to handle data replication within SAP MDG.